This manual is intended to provide a comprehensive guide to all aspects of EVAs, including space suit preparations, radio operations and troubleshooting. It mainly concentrates on the EVA space suits. The purpose of the space suits at the Mars Society Desert Research Station is to provide a realistic environment and atmosphere for crewmembers participating in EVAs. The suits are not supposed to mimic the operation of real space suits, but they do closely resemble their feel and restriction of movements.

In general, crews should have briefings before every EVA to ensure that all crewmembers know about the duration of the EVA and where the EVA will visit. A firm time should be set for when the suiting up procedure will be started and all crewmembers should be at the EVA Prep table at that time. Crewmembers not participating in the EVA should act as suit technicians. All crewmembers should take part in the Preparation stage of the suit procedure, although each crewmember should be responsible for laying out their own equipment. It is the responsibility of all crewmembers to ensure that the backpacks are recharged.

Safety is paramount at the MDRS, so always ensure that communications during an EVA work properly, and that the EVA first aid kit is taken along. After safety, however, comes simulation – and then science. Therefore, the boots in the EVA room should ideally be used during EVAs are they are deliberately cumbersome. However, they require long socks and are only available in a limited number of sizes. Crewmembers may opt to use their own boots.

Important! The EVA Suits cost the Mars Society large amounts of donations and volunteer time. Treat them with care and respect as they see heavy usage.

Six EVA cloth suits are available for use and stored in the EVA Room on the first floor adjacent to the main airlock. Complete EVA suits also include helmets, backpacks, gloves, boots, gaiters, caps, water bags, radios, and wrist mirrors.

No Unauthorized Modifications

The crews may NOT in any way make any changes to the space suits or add National Flags or any other chests, patches or adornment to the space suits without the specific permission of Tony Muscatello, Head of Mission Support. This is a Mars Society tradition that goes back to the first FMARS crew rotations when multinational crews all took off their National Flags as they arrived because they had all come to serve under the common tri-colour flag of Mars, as one team from one planet.

This tradition also covers the HAB proper both inside and out. No National Flags or advertising patches maybe put up inside or on the outside of the HAB without the expressed permission of Tony Muscatello, Head of Mission Support.

For New Crews

It is essential for new crews to fully inspect and personalize the space suits, as well as familiarizing themselves with their operation before any EVA.

Familiarization Checklist

Radio Operations

The radio system at the MDRS consists of three main components; the handheld radios, the HAB radio, the remote radio, and the repeater station. Both the handheld radios and the HAB radio can operate on the same frequencies, and the handheld radios have a range of 5 miles (when not limited by topography such as cliffs or hills). The repeater station records the first 30 seconds of all transmissions made on channel 2.01 and then retransmits them; in this way, the repeater station can extend the range of transmissions made on 2.01.

Location

There are nine FRS/GMRS radios that are used for communications during EVAs and for backup and utility use around the Hab. They are stored in the Suit Room on a wall rack and boxes located on the small workbench to the left of the backpack/helmet rack. The Hab base station is located on the second floor next to the main HABComm computer. A blue extension cable is strung from the base radio outside the west side to the Hab and up the hill to the remote station. The repeater radio is located on Skyline Rim.

Four Radio Shack PTT headsets and four armband holsters are also available, stored in labeled bags with the radios. The headset labeled ‘3’ has a broken clasp. The primary system, however, is to use the speaker-mike mounted inside the helmets and the red PTT button mounted on the front of the helmet.

Channels

In practice, crews will only use two channels: channel 2.00 and channel 2.01. Channel 2.00 should be used for all short range transmissions within five miles; on EVAs, all crewmembers will have a radio tuned in to channel 2.00 to talk to each other, and communications within and around the HAB should also use channel 2.00.

Channel 2.01 is used for longer range communications, typically for the EVA leader to contact the Hab. Radios tuned in to channel 2.00 will pick up all 2.01 transmissions, but radios tuned in to channel 2.01 will not pick up 2.00 transmissions.

All of the radios can change squelch tones (the .01 or .00 after the main channel number) by pressing ‘Mode’ and then the up or down arrows. The main channel number can be changed simply by pressing up or down, without the mode button (but you will not want to do this).

Operating The Radios

The power of the handheld radios is shown by a battery indicator at the top of the radio screen. Before departing on EVAs, the indicator should have at least two out of three bars full. In addition, EVA crewmembers should carry spare radio batteries in case of battery failure.

One radio should be issued to each EVA crewman, set and locked to channel 2.00 for short range interpersonal EVA communications. In addition, a second radio should be issued to the EVA leader or a designated communications person. This radio is set and locked to channel 2.01 for long range communications with the HAB through the repeater. Radios are mounted in the pocket on the top back of the EVA helmet.

The radios are activated by twisting the knob at their top clockwise. This knob also controls the volume. The button labeled PTT (Push To Talk) should be pushed in order to start transmitting. When operating the radios, hold the PTT button for approximately 1 second before speaking and after speaking to ensure that the beginning and end of transmissions are not clipped off. Remember that when the PTT button is engaged, no other stations can transmit and you will not hear a response. Push the button to talk, and release it to listen.

To transmit with the radios mounted on an EVA helmet, you push the Push To Talk button mounted on the outside front lower left of the EVA helmet. Inside the helmet to the front lower left is a combination microphone/speaker. It is very sensitive so you do not have to lean into it or speak loudly to be heard. Just talk in a normal voice while pushing the helmets PTT button.

Do remember to push and hold the helmet PTT button for at least one second before you start talking to allow for the radio to commence transmitting and for one second after you finish speaking to ensure the beginning and end of transmissions are not clipped off.

At no time is the radio to be put into VOX or Voice Operated activation. If someone is chewing gum (not recommended) or has been exerting themselves and is breathing heavy as a result, the VOX will cut in and no one will be able to communicate while all are subjected what ever sounds the activated microphone is picking up.

When you mount a radio in the pocket on the top back of an EVA helmet, make sure you secure it with the elastic holster strap so it will not fall out. Then plug in the helmet microphone cable that is dangling there and switch on the radio. At this time have another person standing a short distance away do a count to five on a handheld radio while the suit wearer motions to the suit tech assisting with suiting up to lower or raise the volume of the in helmet speaker microphone until it is at a volume comfortable to the suit wearer.

Be sure to check suit-to-suit and suit-to-HAB communications before entering the Air Lock to start your EVA. The radio controls are difficult to operate in gloves, so they should normally be sent on EVAs in a locked condition. To lock or unlock the Genex radios, hold down the ‘Scan’ button. A lock symbol should then appear or disappear. To lock or lock the MicroTalk radios, simply press the ‘Lock’ button.

EVA Radio Operations

The EVA leader should check in with HAB every 30 minutes via channel 2.01 to report their current position, preferably by GPS coordinates and any GPS waypoints recorded. Communication with HAB should be short and concise. If there is any doubt about the content of transmissions, request the sender to repeat.

EVA crewmembers should not use communications with HAB to record all of their findings; instead, they should record information on notepads, voice recorders, or PDAs.

EVA Suit Procedures

Maintenance of EVA Suits

Regular maintenance of suits (including helmets), air-packs, radios and batteries should be assigned to a crewmember or made an engineering duty. While the person(s) assigned this task are responsible in general, each EVA member is finally responsible for his/her safety and ability to maintain sim while on EVA. Therefore part of the suiting-up procedure should always include checking air supply, radio, and batteries.

Day Before An EVA

EVA Preparation

Suiting Up For EVA

It is helpful also to regularly assign crewmembers who are not participating in EVAs to help EVA team members suit up and remove suits.

There is generally not enough room for all the members of an EVA team to put on their suits inside the EVA prep room, especially with the additional presence of teammates who are helping them suit up. It’s all right for the suiting-up procedure to spread into the Lab, but removing suits after EVAs should be confined to the EVA prep room itself to avoid bringing dust and mud into the lab.

The following EVA Suit-up Procedure was initially developed by MDRS Crew 9, further updated by Crew 24 and further enhanced by Crew 35.

EVA Checklist

Do you have your ATV keys and backup radio batteries?
Can each EVA crewmember communicate over channel 2.00?
Can the EVA leader communicate with Hab over channel 2.01?
Do you have the EVA first aid kit?
Do you have your GPS unit?
Do you have the maps or diagrams of where you are going?
Do you have your camera, if you are taking it?
Is your helmet comfortably tied back with string?

Returning to the HAB

When an EVA team is due back, the suit tech's will clear the EVA Prep table and place chairs along the wall under where the sim suits hang, one for each team member out on EVA. When an EVA team starts the pre-entry decontamination process, someone should activate the hot water heater so that a hot shower is available for EVA team members after unsuiting.

Pre Entry Decontamination

Upon arrival back at the HAB, the EVA Commander will radio the HABComm requesting that the airlock be depressurized for reentry to HAB. A rapid depress is used here, which lasts one minute.
Upon being informed the rapid depress is complete, the EVA Commander opens the outer airlock door and reaches in and takes out the corn broom that the suit techs placed in there before you departed.
Now partly re-close the outer air door (doesn't have to be tight as it is just temporary) to stop dust from blowing in.
The EVA Commander steps back down on to the black no skid plastic platforms at the foot of the air lock stairs with the corn broom
Now brush each other off from the waist down to remove dust and any mud from the lower suit, the gaiters and your boots.
Once everyone is decontaminated of gross dust and mud accumulations, you can start entering the airlock. At this point the EVA Commander takes over the broom again.
As each crew member moves up the steps, they are to pausing at the top to "de-mud" the soles of their boots on the brick mud scraper at the top left of the stairs.
Finally the EVA Commander uses the broom to give the feet of the person on the entry platform a final brush before they enter the air lock.
Repeat this process until all boots have been decontaminated.
The last person into the airlock should be the EVA Commander who shall sweep the steps first then climb to the platform and after "de-mudding" their own boots, sweep the platform clean.
Finally the EVA Commanders hands off the broom to someone inside who will reach out and give the EVA Commanders boots a final sweep.
Now enter the air lock, close and seal the outer airlock door and start the timer for the one minute rapid repressurization simulation.

Reentering The HAB

The EVA crew should remove suits within the confines of the EVA Room and should vacuum them thoroughly to remove dust. This will help keep dust contamination in the lab and the rest of the HAB at a minimum and will help maintain suit lifetime. Here is a recommended routine for EVA team HAB Ingress.

After a report of repressurisation complete from the HABComm, a suit tech will open the inner airlock door to admit the EVA team.
As each person reenters they move clear but under no circumstances are they to leave the EVA prep room.
When the whole EVA team has reentered the EVA Prep Room, the suit tech closes the inner air lock door and directs the EVA team to be seated on the seats under where the suits hang.
The suit techs then remove all EVA team members EVA gloves. (this allows a way for some body heat to escape as those gloves are very warm)
The suit techs now remove the EVA teams’ helmets by repeating the following steps for each EVA team member.
Disconnect the water pipe off of the helmet then release the three helmet securing clips.
Now rapidly disconnect the air hoses and remove the helmet because without air flow it will rapidly get very stuffy in that helmet for the wearer.
Switch off the radio and temporarily store the helmet up on the Prep Room Table, visor side up.
Switch off the backpack's air supply, move to the next EVA member and repeat steps 6, 7 and 8 until all EVA team members have had their helmets removed.
With the whole EVA team now breathing HAB air again, the EVA team removes their external equipment and hands it off to the suit tech who places it on the Prep Room table for decontamination.
Now the suit techs can do the backpack removal.
Go back to the first person dehelmeted. Loosen the shoulder straps and undo the chest strap only.
Now have the EVA team member stand up and turn around. Making sure that the suit zip string is free from the backpack, the suit tech now takes up the weight of the backpack and the EVA team member releases the waist strap and holding arms straight up beside his or her head, squats down, sliding out of the shoulder straps and neck ring.
The suit tech steps away and stows the backpack in the storage rack, making sure to plug it in to recharge its batteries.
The EVA team member dehelmeted now turns around, gets his or her suit unzipped by the EVA team mate seated next to them and slides the EVA suit down to their knees and sits back down. This move allows cooling of the upper body while they undo their own gaiters and boots.
The suit tech moves to the next EVA team member and repeats steps 11, 12, 13 and 14 until all backpacks/PLSSs have been removed and stowed.
By this time most will have their gaiters off, suits undone and down around their knees and are ready to remove their EVA boots. Gaiters are stored on the shelf above the boot rack.
Another tech in the LAB now gives the suit tech the EVA teams’ "indoor" shoes or slippers.
As each EVA team member removes their boots they place them in the boot rack behind them. The suit tech gives the floor under them a quick sweep and places the slippers or indoor shoes down in front of the EVA team member in the just swept clean place.
The EVA team member then steps out of their sim suit and into their indoor shoes, but does not move elsewhere just yet.
EVA team members are now standing in their indoor shoes holding onto their EVA suits.
The suit techs now vacuum the EVA suits before the EVA team hangs their suits back up on their hooks.
The suit tech again gives the EVA Prep Room Floor a sweep so the EVA team can exit over a clean surface and reenter the HAB living spaces without tracking in contamination.
The EVA team now exits for toilet visits and showers and post EVA data logging.
The suit techs now remove the radios from the backs of the helmets and turn them off and store them. The suit techs then wipe off the helmet visors and stow them up on the equipment rack.
The suit techs now decontaminate any equipment taken on EVA before allowing it into the LAB for use or storage.
The suit techs then use the corn broom to thoroughly sweep the EVA Prep Room floor of all contamination and deposit any such dust or dirt in the air lock, for the next EVA team to expel to the outside world at the start of the next EVA.
The suit tech now closes out the EVA Prep Room by making sure the inner airlock door is closed and locked with the throw bolt and the air lock light is switched to off. Finally the suit tech switches off the Prep Room light and leaves closing the door to it behind them.

Care of Helmets

Helmets are somewhat fragile, so be careful not to scratch the plastic domes. Do not store anything inside the helmet. Remember to lightly soap the inside of the helmets with liquid hand soap provided before each EVA to help prevent fogging. Periodic cleaning/polishing of the helmets will help prolong their life and make ATV operations safer by improving visibility. Use Brillianize or other plastic cleaner (stored in the cupboard above the radio rack in the EVA prep room) and soft, lint free cloths. Follow the instructions on the bottle, and rub well. Polish helmets every three excursions or as needed.

Backpacks

The backpacks provide air ventilation to the helmets during EVAs (two computer fans with filters). Recharge the backpacks with the chargers mounted in the EVA room after every EVA (or you will run out of air, take off your helmet, and die a painful death on Mars). Battery recharging has been difficult at times and fuses have been known to burn out. Also, switches have been known to go out and need to be replaced periodically. Backpacks get very dusty and need to be routinely opened and cleaned out. There is a large paintbrush in the EVA room drawer that can be used to wipe dust free from the backpack boxes.

Water Bags

Each backpack has a plastic water bag with a hose and quick disconnects that are connected to a tube that goes into the helmet. Make sure the water bags are full and test water flow before entering the airlock. There is a plastic jug near the lab sink where unused EVA water can be poured and used for later hand washing.

Sim Suit Gloves

These are heavy black ski gloves. Spray inside the gloves with the ‘Space Face Shield Spray’ on the shelves behind the Prep table after every EVA. Place them over a forced air vent to dry them.

ATV operations

Kawasaki All Terrain Vehicles (ATVs)

Description

Three Kawasaki Grand Prairie 360 ATV's are available for EVAs. The keys to the Kawasaki ATVs are stored on the hook in the EVA Room next to the inner airlock door. The previous crew should show you how to fully operate the ATVs. The following is a short overview of their operations and capabilities.

Overview

The ATVs can be operated in high or low gear, with two or four wheel drive. They tend to be very stable, although care must be taken not to flip the ATV by driving with one side significantly higher than another.

When navigating difficult terrain, the ATV should be driven in four wheel drive low gear. Do not drive fast over difficult terrain; not only is this dangerous but you risk having your helmet (which is not completely secured to the space suits) hitting your head. Standing up while driving over mildly difficult terrain is often useful as your legs provide additional suspension.

When dismounting from ATVs to continue the EVA on foot, shift into neutral, lock the rear brake and switch off the engine. Do not remove the key from the ignition – simply leave it in. It is highly unlikely that anyone will steal the ATV, and this will prevent the key from being lost.

While using ATVs, ensure that you are always within visual range of another ATV operator. It is difficult if not impossible to look behind yourself while in a space suit and driving on an ATV, and in any case highly dangerous. Either stop the ATV and then look around, or use the glove mirrors to look behind.

Operations

All Kawasaki ATV operators should read the operating instructions located on each Kawasaki ATV prior to first use. Tire inflation should be checked with a gauge prior to use. The Kawasaki ATVs use standard unleaded gasoline which can be refueled from the 5 gallon can gasoline supply, in the trailer. Red cans hold the gasoline only; the yellow gas cans hold diesel. Check the fuel tank level by removing the fuel cap and noting level (do not trust the fuel gage for this) before each EVA. Refueling will be performed out of sim to avoid spilling gasoline on the suits. The oil needs to be checked before every EVA, top off with 10W40 motor oil.

If one Kawasaki ATV breaks down during an EVA, the other can be used to tow it or to go for assistance. Always take a tow rope, compressor, tool bag and small med-kit on Kawasaki ATV EVAs. These are required and not optional. These items are stowed on the brown tubs bolted to the front rack of two of the ATV's. These racks are not to be moved. When dismounting from the Kawasaki ATVs, leave the keys in the ignition - this prevents the keys from being lost while out on EVA, and it is highly unlikely that anyone will steal them.

Starting/Driving an ATV

To start the Kawasaki ATVs, be sure to do the following:

Caution: One of the Kawasaki ATVs may only start in gear.

Check the fuel and oil level (remember do not trust that fuel gauge).
Ensure that the ATV rear brake is locked and the ATV is in neutral gear
Turn on the Kawasaki ATV battery; this is a red switch located by the left handgrip.
Open the fuel line. The knob is set back slightly into the plastic by where your left mid-shin would be were you sitting on the Kawasaki ATV. There is an arrow printed on the plastic and the words “OFF” and “ON” printed on the knob. Align “ON” with the arrow.
Open the choke. This is the lever moved by your left thumb. Move it to the left.
Insert the key into the ignition and turn the ignition key to “ON.”
Press the green start button, also on the left handgrip. You may need to hold this button down for a few seconds, while giving the Kawasaki ATV a little gas with the lever below the right handgrip. If the engine won’t turn over, check the above. If everything else is correct, there may be another problem. Report the problem to the ET via Mission Support, requesting a visit from Don Foutz and why.
Always allow the Kawasaki ATVs to warm up for five minutes in the morning before driving them. As the Kawasaki ATV does warm up, try letting off the choke and giving it a little gas until it will idle without the choke. After driving the Kawasaki ATV on EVA for a little time, always remember to close the choke fully.
Shift to the appropriate gear, release the brake, and drive.

The Kawasaki ATVs are more visible to those in front who are using their hand mirrors if the headlights are turned on. These are activated with the grey switch on the top of the left handgrip.

One of the Kawasaki ATVs will not shift back into neutral while it is running. The engine will have to be turned off by using the ignition key, shifted into neutral, and then started again.

On Vehicle Storage

On the front and or rear of some of the ATVs is strapped down cargo boxes. These boxes can be used to store the first aid kit, notebooks, tools and scientific instruments. Bungee cords are available on the ATVs and within the HAB to strap down additional equipment.

ATV and Pedestrian Tracks

A dirt road, Lowell Highway (also known as Cow Dung Road), links the HAB to Utah State Hwy 24 West when followed south. When followed to the north it leads to a whole network of dirt tracks are present in the area around the HAB and enables surface exploration simulations to conducted up to 15 kilometers from the HAB. ATV, 4WD and dirt bike tracks are ubiquitous. Keep to existing tracks as denoted on the MDRS-C35-Roadmap while driving ATVs and attempt to minimize the impact to the environment when walking around outside. Crewmembers of MDRS are not permitted to drive ATVs on roads or trails which are not denoted on the MDRS-C35-RoadMap.

For additional information, see the MDRS Mission Rules document which outlines specific rules and uses for this equipment.

Towing an ATV

If it becomes necessary to tow an ATV (lost key, run out of fuel, stuck in ditch, etc), shift the non-operational ATV into neutral gear, tie the tow rope (which should be at least 20 feet or 6.4 meters in length) between it and another ATV, and simply pull it along at low speed. Keep the ATV being towed with in 45 degrees of the centre line directly behind the ATV doing the towing to prevent a roll over situation from occurring, so do not make tight turns.

(This space reserved for photo's showing ATV Towing.)

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EVA Notes

Typically, two to four crewmembers will go on EVA. One of the EVA crewmembers should be either the commander or XO, but EVAs should not contain both the commander and XO; one should stay at the HAB.

No driving off-road is permitted at anytime. Part of our land use agreement is that the MDRS ATV's are only to be operated on the approved ATV road network as marked on the MDRS C35 Roadmap of approved ATV trails. This map is actually aerial photos with contour lines and local feature names added. The most current version of this map (it is a very large JPG file) can be downloaded from the Engineering Team web site's Documents page.

Remember to drive single file and do not "tailgate". The sim suit helmets provide absolutely no protection what so ever if you have a collision or get thrown off in an accident. Use only the approved ATV road network when on ATV EVA's in order to prevent unnecessary damage to the environment. Other trails you may see in the area have been made by local recreational users. However, if those trails are not on the MDRS C35 Roadmap then we are not to use them as they have not been inspected or approved by our local roads expert.

Recording EVAs and Waypoints

Crews have used numerous different methods of recording EVA activities and locations. Generally the best solution is to use the MDRS Waypoint Database, which can hold GPS Waypoints, dates, crew number, EVA number, biodes, geodes, etc. Crews are also welcome to plot waypoints on satellite or topographic maps which can be purchased from the local BLM office or a State of Utah topographical maps supplier. All crews are reminded that all coordinates at MDRS are taken using the NAD27 CONUS datum. Please ensure that your GPS is set to this datum before starting your explorations at MDRS. All distances and elevations at MDRS are recorded and reported in the Metric system.

The latest MDRS Waypoint Database (wpcurrent.xls) can be downloaded from the Documents page of the Engineering Team website at http://engineering.marssociety.com/eng06.html.

Crews making entries into the MDRS Waypoint Database are required to forward it via email file attached at the end of their rotation to the Keeper of the Databases at "mdrs.editor@gmail.com". Please do this as soon as you have finished your data acquisition, so the Database Curator can review it and incorporate your additions into the master database in time for the next crew to be able to use it.

It is essential to make recordings in the first place. Information about routes and areas of special biological and geological interest will make the activities of future crews more productive and less stressful.

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Troubleshooting

The radios are not working properly

Are the batteries are flat? If so, replace them.
Is the earpiece mike headphone jack plugged in firmly into the radio socket? If it is not, the EVA crewmember will experience intermittent or loss of sound.
Is the volume on the radio high enough? The volume is controlled by the ‘On’ dial on the top of the radio. Rotate this dial to increase the volume.
Is the channel set correctly? Channel 2.00 is used for communication between EVA crewmembers and should not be used to communicate with Hab. Channel 2.01 is used for EVA to HAB communications and involves the repeater station, which will repeat each message sent. Channel 2.01 can be picked up by radios tuned to Channel 2.00.
Is something pushing against the radio? If the mike controller is strapped on top of the radio pouch, it may be pushing against the radio buttons, changing the channel. To rectify this problem, secure the radio in its pouch and move the mike controller elsewhere. Alternatively you should ensure that the radios remain in ‘locked’ mode.

The backpack air circulation system is not working properly

Has the backpack been recharged? The backpack batteries must be recharged before EVAs by connecting into the recharger units. These recharger units must be plugged into the wall sockets in the EVA room.
Are the backpack air pipes connected properly to the helmet? Ensure a firm fit by screwing in the air pipes.
Has the backpack fuse blown out? Remove the fuse unit on the backpack. It should contain a small fuse; examine it to see if it has blown. If so, replace it with a new fuse from the EVA room; the fuses are stored in the EVA Prep Storage cupboard in a Radio Shack bag in small boxes.

Change Log

The Change Log is a vital part of a living document. It is a record of all the changes and additions made to this document. When crews or individuals make changes, they should outline them here in Appendix Three inserting them at the start of the section just below this section title.

If a crew does amend or update this document, please do send by email file attach the new document to "mdrs.editor@gmail.com" for editorial review and release for use on the Documents Webpage.

Editorial Review and Update – 2007-03-24

Summary: Updated to Version 2.2 Revision author: Hugh S. Gregory, Chief Documents Editor for MDRS and FMARS Research Stations

Merged in additional ATV Operations material from MDRS OpsMan v8.8.
Merged in additional EVA Suit Procedures material from MDRS OpsMan v8.8
This Document is now the primary Manual for ATV and EVA Operations
Updated Change Log to reflect latest modification.

Managerial Review – 2007-01-12

Summary: Updated to Version 2.01 Revision author: Tony Muscatello, Director of Mission Support for MDRS and FMARS Research Stations

Correction of minor typos and grammar errors. Updated Document to Version 2.01

Editorial Review and Update – 2007-01-11

Summary: Updated to Version 2.0 Revision author: Hugh S. Gregory, Chief Documents Editor for MDRS and FMARS Research Stations

Major reformatting of whole document into the "common" format now being applied to all TMS HAB Operations Manuals and Training Documents. Updated Document to Version 2.0
Updated the Radio Section to reflect the new helmet mounting of the radios.
Complete rewrite of the EVA Suits Section to reflect the latest suiting up and unsuiting/decontamination procedures.
Complete rewrite of the EVA Notes section.
Minor Updates as needed to reflect changes over past 4 years.

Crew 9 - 2002/12/08 to 2002/12/20

Summary: Initial Release Version 1.0: Main author was Adrian Hon

-END OF FILE-

Edited by Hugh S. Gregory, Spaceflight Historian

Chief Documents Editor for MDRS & FMARS Research Stations

and Tony Muscatello, Director of Mission Support

This Version Released: March 24, 2007

Table of Contents

Introduction

Important! The EVA Suits cost the Mars Society large amounts of donations and volunteer time. Treat them with care and respect as they see heavy usage.

No Unauthorized Modifications